Tutti i libri editi da Vita e Pensiero - libri Studi di Sociologia Vita e Pensiero (238)

Vita e Pensiero

La valutazione delle politiche dell’Unione Europea digital La valutazione delle politiche dell’Unione Europea
Anno: 2005
The evaluation of Structural Funds in Italy has supported both the diffusion of evaluation activities and the use of structured evaluation strategies and methodologies. MEANS’ Guides published in 1999 contributed to open the discussion upon some key points of evaluation practice: the link with the role of rationality in decision processes, the priority of accountability or learning aims of evaluation (and the consistency of the two in everyday practice), the importance of participated evaluation and its applicability in complex programs as those supported by Structural Funds’. The importance given to monitoring and mid-term evaluation has maybe weakened the attention paid to the implementation process, while the direct link of evaluation to results has sometimes produced a «objectives- results» approach, not much inclined to «open the black box» of the programs and see how they really works and how they are improvable. Also for these reasons the contribution of sociology to the evaluation activities has been wrongly considered a marginal one: on the contrary, in a globalised society social research used in evaluation is very important to develop the awareness of how public policies really works and to help citizens’ empowerment. In this way, social research helps also citizens, stakeholders and decision makers to assume right choices.
€ 6,00
La valutazione delle politiche sociali per la famiglia: alcune questioni di metodo digital La valutazione delle politiche sociali per la famiglia: alcune questioni di metodo
Anno: 2005
Evaluation research is for us of key importance because it constitutes the self-reflexive effort of social policies. This article shows how different approaches to policy making have been matched with different approaches to their evaluation, with the purpose of understanding how to implement policies supporting the well-being of the family. Specifically, we suggest that there is a need for relinquishing the traditional linear evaluation approaches, because they are too heavily based on a preconceived description of the social reality that does not leave space for the complex effects that social policies can have on family relations. We argue that there is the necessity of using complex models considering the family as an active subject, both in the planning and in the evaluation phase. We hypothesize the possibility of joining the contributions of the last generations of evaluation research, with the purpose of building a comprehensive evaluation tool based on the relational approach.
€ 6,00
La valutazione delle politiche e dei sistemi educativi digital La valutazione delle politiche e dei sistemi educativi
Anno: 2005
After a short description of the history of school system evaluation, the author examines the main questions related to the implementation of the educational policies evaluation: a) the change of attitude needed inside the public administration as a consequence of the use of evaluation; b) the relationship between evaluators and policy makers; c) the goals of school system evaluation; d) the targets of evaluation; e) the relationship between external ed internal evaluation: f) the use of indicators. Finally it is presented the model followed by the school system evaluation Committee, which operates in the Trento region since 1992. The Committee has introduced gradually the idea of evaluation, beginning with the evaluation of the general system, then introducing schools self evaluation (which is now operated by almost all the Trento schools) to arrive finally to put forward the idea of school external evaluation.
€ 6,00
Orientare alla scelta nella società dell’incertezza tra riflessività e responsabilità digital Orientare alla scelta nella società dell’incertezza tra riflessività e responsabilità
Anno: 2005
The article offers an interpretation of guidance process in a sociological perspective. From this point of view, it’s clear that any approach to guidance assumed a specific conception of the linkage between individual and society. Starting form this consideration the article delineates what characterizes guidance process in the post-modern society; a society more and more fragmentated and uncertain, in which the subject seems to have increasing freedom of movement and choice. In so doing, the article proposes a new guidance approach («character-forming guidance»), considered as an appropriate aid to help the subject in making his choices: choices who are both coherent with self realization aim and responsible; that is to say, choices who keep in count both the social context to which the subject himself belongs to and the relational dynamics implied in the construction of self identity (personal and social identity).
€ 6,00
«...Bianca più della Luna...». La festa della Madonna del Monte a Marta digital «...Bianca più della Luna...». La festa della Madonna del Monte a Marta
Anno: 2005
The article is the result of observation in action during the «Madonna del Monte» feast in Marta, a village on Bolsena Lake. Festival is really spectacular and offers interesting point of views and archaic elements. Its climax is the so-called «Passata», which means that social classes represented in the procession (Knights, Farm labourers, Countrymen and Fishermen) get in the church three times and also means the kiss by the so-called Peace. Feast ends distributing the classic «Ring-shaped bread» to be put on arm among the Passers-by.
€ 6,00
Gli attuali cambiamenti del capitalismo e la cultura del progetto digital Gli attuali cambiamenti del capitalismo e la cultura del progetto
Anno: 2005
In the actual phase of capitalistic development, the features of a widespread culture du projet are emerging. Work and private life are series of time-limited projects that we can consider microspaces where it becomes possible to determine an order - differently from the network excluding any internal arbitrary division. At the same time, the economic axis, structuring the old left-right opposition, crosses the biopolitic axis where these political positions are reversed. It’s on this biopolitic field, as Boltanski describes it, that most of the conflicts about life’s reproduction take place today.
€ 6,00
Persona, cultura, religione digital Persona, cultura, religione
Anno: 2005
Late modernity is characterized by a crisis of institutional power in term of civic action and civic behaviour. In general, the crisis of institutional ability to grant directives about social conduct has produced a strong disorder among subjects. Durkheimian condition of «anomie» is the authentic scenario of occidental society at the time of globalization. Present globalization is interlaced with crisis of social behaviour agencies and there is a trend considering historical model out-of-date. In this context charismatic power is finding a new place, out of any reference to supernatural gifts. The recognition of the bearer of charisma is here founded on a free choice by subjects. While main lines of political and civic institutions are weakly recognised, charismatic institutions have a moderate but increasing agreement. By this fact it is possible to change status of subject in sociological thought. However it is difficult to recognize subject as a simple rational choice actor or at the opposite as a whole socialized subject. The term of «persona» suggests a good issue across several types of rationality. It is this «persona» that accepts charismatic institutions, in spite of normative institutions, and chooses his membership out of instrumental rationality and out of behavioural socialization.
€ 6,00
Ri-scoprirsi identità complesse digital Ri-scoprirsi identità complesse
Anno: 2005
The following dialogue with Edgar Morin stresses his anthropological theory which offers a cross-disciplinar view of human identity. This approach becomes essential because of the nature of the object itself, that is a complex synthesis of antithetical elements: nature, culture and society. Putting every single discipline into a deep dialogue between each other Morin works out a theoretical framework which connects different fields of knowledge becoming the only method able to reveal and understand human complexity. This idea of complexity becomes also, in Morin’s thought, a useful keyword to describe contemporary global society, ruled by uncertainty. According to Morin, to survive in this inhospitable condition, umankind must build a planetary consciousness and learn to think itself as the citizenship of a unique planetary mother-country.
€ 6,00
Gli intricati percorsi della responsabilità sociale di impresa digital Gli intricati percorsi della responsabilità sociale di impresa
Anno: 2005
Globalization has given rise to an intense and problematic detachment between companies and the territory they work within. This has narrowed the time horizon of the companies, which have been conceiving the territory as a very short-term resource, something to be exploited here and now, without plans for the future. In these condictions, the social responsibility of the company has been suggested as a strategy able to rebuild the lost bond and give the companies complete social subjectivity, that is made possible by the shift from the stoke holder theory to the stake holder one. Within this important change the debate is focused on whether it is right to consider the social responsibility of the company as an economic strategy, in connection with the new character of the citizenconsumer, or it is better to return it to the ethical sphere and found on it the ambitious plan of a responsible and joint society.
€ 6,00
Genio individuale o pratica sociale? Le mille facce della creatività digital Genio individuale o pratica sociale? Le mille facce della creatività
Anno: 2005
In the last few years there has been considerable attention on creativity seen from the point of view of several disciplines. This paper looks at the historical evolution of concept of creativity, by underlining its collective dimension (psychology and natural sciences especially contributed to this connotation). Until a decade ago, creativity was a marginal subject in sociological reflection, which from the initial stages has tended to focus mainly on the rational dimension of action. ‘Spread creativity’ is an effective key word to read some relevant phenomena of contemporary society: cultural economy, the rise of a new creative class, consumption as creative performance. In this context, I consider the condition of Italy, example of a ‘creativity without system’. Finally, I try to address the initial question: is creativity an expression of an individual genius or a social practice? The first definition is still maintained, but today the social dimension is prevailing. Recent studies actually underline the relevance of contextual components for creativity development. Creativity is an intersubjective value and contemporary societies are moved by a creative ethos. Creativity as a social motor requires further sociological inquiry, preferably carried out with qualitative and non-standard methodology.
€ 6,00
La conoscenza sociologica in Vilfredo Pareto e Max Weber digital La conoscenza sociologica in Vilfredo Pareto e Max Weber
Anno: 2005
Both Pareto and Weber wrote their fundamental works between 1890 and 1920. They dealt with the relationship between Sociology and Economics and other Human Sciences, especially Psychology and History, but their results were quite different. Indeed, the Italian engineer developed step by step a method which links logic and experience in order to achieve an objective and universal knowledge by a (neo-)positivistic standpoint, whereas the German jurist followed the Neo-Kantian philosophy of values and stressed the importance of the personal purpose. However, although Pareto supported a kind of abstractive procedure whose range is much bigger than Weber’s Idealty-pus, they ultimately agreed on the so-called “methodological individualism”, because of their commitment to marginalist Economics.
€ 6,00
Banchi di prova. Migranti e minoranze etniche in Europa fra riuscita e segregazione scolastica digital Banchi di prova. Migranti e minoranze etniche in Europa fra riuscita e segregazione scolastica
Anno: 2005
The present contribution analyses in a comparative way the relation between schools and migration in Europe, taking in account different experiences and societal models: the educational system of free choice in Netherlands, the recent arrival and the overlapping between language of the hosting society and the language of the main migrants groups in the case of Spain, the accumulated tradition and the permanent tensions in the management of migration in schools in the case of UK, France and Germany. The contribution focuses on two main aspect: the educational achievement of migrants and the process of educational segregation.
€ 6,00

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