Tutti i libri editi da Vita e Pensiero - libri Studi di Sociologia Vita e Pensiero (236)

Vita e Pensiero

Analisi d’opere digital Analisi d’opere
Anno: 2007
€ 6,00
Il Rinascimento e le rinascite nella storia: verso una sociologia della grazia digital Il Rinascimento e le rinascite nella storia: verso una sociologia della grazia
Anno: 2007
This paper argues for the need of a sociology of grace, based on a sociology of the Renaissance, central – among others – for understanding the modern condition. Such an approach takes its point of departure in Max Weber’s comparative study of the rise of world religions and his concept of charismatic power, yet goes beyond Weber in emphasising the significance of a series of renascences, culminating in the European Renaissance starting from the Duecento. The paper starts with a short linguistic and historical background analysis. The linguistic study reveals that terms related to «grace» have three distinct meanings: theological (the power and mercy of God), aesthetic (the power of graceful beauty), and socio-anthropological (charity and gift relations). The historical analysis goes back to the axial age hypothesis but argues that – as the three great monotheistic world religions, redefined as «religions of grace» – each developed outside the time horizon of the axial age, this period, though an extremely important moment of liminal crisis, cannot be considered as the «centre» of world history. Emphasis is placed, instead, on the more or less parallel emergence of ancient Judaism and Minoan culture, each based on epiphany experiences, one male and the other female, thus establishing two distinct and unique traditions of grace. European culture, rooted in Christianity, is based on the attempt to forge a unity between these two traditions; a unity that always remained precarious and in need of constant renewals, in the forms of reforms and renascences. The most important such period of renewal was the Italian Renaissance, which started in the Duecento, combining «rebirth» and reform, and ending in the liminal crisis around 1500. Central for this project was an attempt to unify the three meanings of grace. The failure of the Renaissance as a project led to its fragmentation into Protestant predestination (Weber), court society etiquette (Elias) and the disciplinary institutions of the modern state (Foucault); or the rise of modernity. The argument implies that the crisis produced by modern nihilism can only be ended by a return to the spirit of the Renaissance project.
€ 6,00
Centralità della persona e trasformazioni della salute nel tempo della globalizzazione digital Centralità della persona e trasformazioni della salute nel tempo della globalizzazione
Anno: 2007
The article questions the increasing subjectiveness of the concept of health in contemporary globalised societies, wondering whether it can actually be considered the outcome of a new centrality of the person or it must be regarded as a particular aspect of the wider process of individualisation typical of the late modernity. Particularly, the changing concept of health is analysed by applying the theoretical tri-dimensional model of individualisation proposed by Beck on the background of the so-called «risk society» or «uncertainty society» in order to highlight the intrinsic ambivalence of the subjectiveness of health between an healthism-oriented hedonist narcissism typical of our performative and medicalised societies (Parsons) and an actual new autonomy of the person as part of a more general «accountable freedom».
€ 6,00
Trasformazioni del lavoro e nuovi diritti. Alcune riflessioni sul concetto di cittadinanza digital Trasformazioni del lavoro e nuovi diritti. Alcune riflessioni sul concetto di cittadinanza
Anno: 2007
During last decades in the European countries, some relevant changes in the labour market happened with the increase of unstable and atypical jobs. The increasing diffusion of flexible forms of employment has also shaped the perspective on the systems of employment-related guarantees and other forms of social protections. These transformations has been critical for those welfare systems soundly built on salary-employment and thus largely based on employment- related social benefits. In this complex and diversified context some of the traditional inequalities linked to the labour market have worsen. This article explores the relation between the new forms of job and the concept of citizenship. In particular it put the focus on the relations between job instability and the social rights access.
€ 6,00
Il valore del capitale sociale. Una rassegna critica della letteratura digital Il valore del capitale sociale. Una rassegna critica della letteratura
Anno: 2007
The aim of this paper is to show the various ways in which the concept of social capital is used through a critical analysis of the scientific literature. The analysis of the concept has to end by showing its pronounced ambiguity. In literature can be found two definitions of the concept which are difficult to reconcile. One definition considers social capital as a property of the social system, the other as an individual property. Apart from these fundamental differences, the number of factors which are dealt with as social capital is so vast that one legitimately doubts whether it is possible to create a theory of social capital. Even in light of empirical observations, there is a great variety of operationalization which can not be reconciled. Social capital seems to be more a metaphor than a concept and what constitutes social capital, rather than being defined abstractly, can and, in fact, is defined each time in relation to specific contexts and the subjects being examined.
€ 6,00
Apprendere dagli imprevisti: i due livelli della riflessività digital Apprendere dagli imprevisti: i due livelli della riflessività
Anno: 2007
Essay presents some theoretical roots of the unexpected consequences of learning on the basis of phenomenology and sociological literature. In this review who learns is the social researcher. Learning from the unexpected means to be led by exceptional, counterfactual, invisible, paradoxical, […] data, that is, what the research design cannot plan. It suggests a double way to the unanticipated learning outcomes: to generate learning from past experiences (thinking- the-action), and to generate a new perspective to understand learning along with the process of building knowledge (thinking the thoughts). Essay conclusion is that every time the actor/researcher leads to modify his knowledge and cognitive logics, the analysis of unanticipated outcomes operates as an instrument of social and cultural change.
€ 6,00
La povertà di lunga durata: il caso italiano digital La povertà di lunga durata: il caso italiano
Anno: 2007
The objective of this paper is to capture those critical traits of long-term poverty that can help policy-makers to design and evaluate social policies in this sector. This work is placed in the frame of Leisering and Leibfried’s theory of life course, and starts by analysing its basic principles. Special attention is devoted to the individualization principle, which is critically re-examined with reference to long-term poverty. Then, longitudinal analysis has been applied to European Community Household Panel data (1994-2001) in order to study individual life courses. The results show a large distance between the North and the South of Italy, in terms of incidence of persistent poverty, and rhythm of entry and exit from long-term poverty. As to socio-demographic and economic factors that affect the dynamics of impoverishment or emancipation-frompoverty processes, gender differences seem to be not very important, while differences in the family composition undoubtedly play a more incisive role. The strongest impact is exerted by the labour market, which shows the highest probabilities of getting out of a poverty condition or, in the opposite hypothesis, of re-entering a situation of need; these outcomes appear reinforced in the case of poverty states which last at least four years of the eight-year period here observed.
€ 6,00
Conseguenze non previste e apprendimento professionale: insegnanti riflessivi tra ambivalenza e lavoro cognitivo digital Conseguenze non previste e apprendimento professionale: insegnanti riflessivi tra ambivalenza e lavoro cognitivo
Anno: 2007
Within school establishments is almost frequent that one is involved in conflictual situations and interactions and in unanticipated developments which challenge the actor’s rationality and lead to innovative learning outcomes for the professional himself. Aim of this essay is to analyse such learning outcomes which grow up in professional situations full of ambiguity, contraddiction, ambivalence, in order to examine the role of teacher as a reflective practitioner. We assume that teachers, as other knowledge workers, are not able to became reflective practitioner in every situations, but they do it only under given conditions. The essay starts from the description of some study cases (teachers coping with unanticipated learning outcomes); deals with the concept of sociological ambivalence in R.K. Merton, and moves to an interpretation of the empirical cases by applying a model, in order to verify what kind of “oscillation” strategies teachers are able to use for balancing opposite values at stake (tradition/innovation; ripetition/variability, etc.).
€ 6,00
Lavoro, welfare e formazione digital Lavoro, welfare e formazione
Anno: 2007
In recent years, in many of the European countries, welfare state has undergone a deep reform process. If during the modernity it was devoted to allocate monetary funds for passive protection (passive welfare state), now it promotes the development of both personalized services and individual resources to enable individual to face risks of exclusion, unemployment, poverty, illness, etc. by himself (active welfare state). The aim of this paper is to investigate the pillars of this new approach, starting from the analysis of activation policies and the consequences that these policies produce upon life chances of the subject in need. Particularly this paper tries to investigate the role that, among activation policies, education and training play in lifelong learning perspective. Education, training and generally each form of learning are considered as grant for employability, empowerment and activation of subjects, and thus as a form of social protection. The aim of this paper is to point out both the ambivalence of this approach and the importance of consider as purpose to widen its aim from employability bat capability.
€ 6,00
Verso un’analisi strutturale delle forme di governance digital Verso un’analisi strutturale delle forme di governance
Anno: 2007
This article suggests a sociological analysis of the concept of governance. First, the author presents an analysis of the characteristics of the social contexts that have supported the origin and the development of the concept of governance. Then, some political and sociological definitions of this concept are discussed. Secondly, the author presents a relational definition of governance and he shows how the relational sociology provides a multidimensional conception. The relational sociology furthermore allows to identify some empirical indicators of this concept. Finally, the author analyses the structural properties of the social networks that can be a resource for the processes of mutual-coordination between autonomous and interdependent actors. Then, some structural indicators of governance are discussed.
€ 6,00
Le dinamiche delle reti e dei legami amicali digital Le dinamiche delle reti e dei legami amicali
Anno: 2007
The paper presents the results of a research on friendship networks of single people. The research has been undertaken using both social network analysis tools (egonetworks) and qualitative interviews, on a non-representative sample of 23 heterosexual singles of Milan, aged between 25 and 35, 12 male and 11 female. Single youths has been portrayed as a generation who decentres sexual and romantic relationships and refuses to commit: this paper demonstrates the need for new analytical concepts in order to describe the contemporary transformations of intimacy, that underline the importance of friendship for single youth. In order to focus on the dynamics of friendship, an heuristic model has been set up, which analyses the influences of the constitutional dimensions of friendship (ideal, negotional and situational). The modifications of one of these three analytical dimensions reflect on the others in a reflexive process that shows how friendship networks and ties evolve through time and keep a strong core of long lasting bonds.
€ 6,00

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